Main components of a computer Motherboard – The main printed circuit board (PCB) where all the other system components plug in. CPU – Central processing unit, each computer has at least one CPU or a microprocessor, which runs instructions contained in computer programs and undertakes input/output operations. The CPU has many parts, including arithmetic and logic (ALU) unit, control unit, registers, etc. Arithmetic and logic unit – This completes basic calculations (arithmetic) and comparisons (logic). Comparisons are used in sorting and searching operations. Control Unit – Each machine code instruction is extracted from memory. Decoded and run calling on the ALU when necessary. The output is either written to the register for fast recall as part of subsequent instructions or back to main memory. The control unit is there to make the rest of the computer hardware do whatever is the result of the completed instruction. Registers – There are several types of register whithin the C...
Operating systems The role of an operating system is to link the hardware with the user and any program running on the computer. The operating system has many functions like the following: - Managing files – by copying, renaming, deleting them and using folders. - Managing hardware – by loading programs, allocating them resources, and using drivers to link specialist hardware such as a video card. - Allocating resources – by sending keyboard/mouse inputs to programs, as well as accesing other resources such as printing and the hard disk. - Handling security issues, such as restore points ((to return system files and settings back to an earlier state), backups and access to files when multiple used share a PC.
Flow charts You can use flow chart to help design a program. A flow chart is a diagram that shows how a program works and the routes can be taken through it. A flow chat shows where the program starts and where decisions are taken. Processing operations, inputs, and outputs. Process – Used to represent a calculation or general processing operation carried out by the program. Terminator – Shows where the program starts or finishes. Decision box – used in any place where the program makes a test to decide on a choice of directions to run the next code. Data (input/output) – Represents any part of the program that takes data in or shows prints or outputs data. Connector – aka flow line. These lines connect other parts of the flow chat to show the routes the program can take. Flow lines usually have an arrow at one end to the show the direction the program takes. If there is no arrow the direction will be either downwards or to the right. The components of a flow chart Copyright goes to it...
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